The Dental Treatment Services Scheme (DTSS) provides oral healthcare, free of charge, to medical card holders aged 16 and over. Services available annually and on demand include an examination including preventative elements, two fillings, extractions, and a scale and polish. More complex care, such as dentures, additional fillings and a broader range of treatments for patients with additional needs and high-risk patients, are available subject to the approval of the local HSE Principal Dental Surgeon. A package of measures was introduced in 2022 to expand the care available under the Scheme and significantly increase the fees paid to contractors.
These measures are having an impact, with access to care continuing to increase each year since they were introduced. In 2025, over 240,000 additional treatments were provided under the DTSS, supporting over 50,000 extra patients compared with 2022. Fees paid to dentists for DTSS care are now aligned with other European countries which provide comparable public dental care, noting that many European countries, especially in the southern and eastern regions, don’t have any scheme in place for adults, which is free at point of access.
Having been suspended in 2010, the scale and polish item was re-introduced for all medical card patients in 2022 along with an expansion of the oral examination to include provision of preventative advice, using €10 million awarded in Budget 2022. The cost of providing free dental care at the pre 2010 level would depend on a number of factors, including the underlying oral health of the population and the level of take-up of such services.
At present, the HSE Oral Healthcare Service aims to provide an oral examination and necessary treatment for children at up to three intervals, targeting ages approximating to second and sixth class and, in some cases, fourth class. However, there are access issues within this service at present and the HSE has had to prioritise patient groups, to ensure emergency care remains available for all eligible HSE patients. Within the three childhood appointments, the sixth-class appointment is currently prioritised by HSE. This is to ensure that children receive preventative fissure sealants on their permanent molars and, for those children who require it, a referral for orthodontics assessment. It is important to note that the numbers of examination appointments being provided by HSE to their target groups is increasing.
In 2022 just over 99,000 such appointments were provided nationally. Last year, this increased to almost 107,000 appointments provided.To support the HSE to provide care under the current model of service, additional investment of €2m was made in Budget 2025 to, among other things, enable the HSE to recruit 15 additional whole-time equivalents (WTEs) in oral healthcare. Furthermore, the HSE has sanctioned the filling of 34.7 existing WTE vacancies across dental and orthodontic services. This additional capacity supports access to HSE dental clinics for children and special care patients.
In the longer term, the Government is committed to reforming oral healthcare services, including the DTSS, through the implementation of the service reforms set out in the National Oral Health Policy (NOHP), Smile Agus Sláinte. The Policy also contains a range of strategic workforce planning actions to increase national workforce capacity, in support of improving patient access to care. The Programme for Government contains commitments to implement the National Oral Health Policy, reform oral healthcare services for medical card holders and address workforce capacity.
The National Oral Health Policy has two key goals: to provide the supports to enable every individual to achieve their personal best oral health; and to reduce oral health inequalities across the population, by enabling vulnerable patients to access oral healthcare and improve their oral health. These new oral healthcare services will be prevention-focused and will be tailored to each age group across the life course from birth to old age. Patients with additional needs will be supported to mainstream to a local general dental practice of their choosing as much as is possible, while the HSE Oral Healthcare Service will reorient to provide the additional time, technology and skills to provide care for those who can't receive the entirety of their care in a general dental practice.
The HSE will also develop the necessary models of care, clinical guidelines and care pathways to support provision of services.The implementation plan for the first phase of the Policy is currently being finalised by my Department and the HSE. The plan includes reform of services for children and adult medical card holders among the initial priorities.
The Treatment Benefit Scheme funded by PRSI contributions to the Social Insurance Fund is under the remit of the Minister for Social Protection.