Written Answers Nos. 6-33
6. Deputy Ryan O'Meara asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the work being done to strengthen enforcement of the Windsor Framework; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53188/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe full, timely, and faithful implementation of the Windsor Framework remains a key priority for Ireland.
The Windsor Framework, an agreement reached between the EU and UK in 2023, acknowledges the unique circumstances on the island of Ireland following the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the EU in 2016. Through the Framework, the gains of the Good Friday Agreement have been protected. The agreed upon Windsor Framework safeguards and facilitations ensure that Northern Ireland, while remaining part of the United Kingdom’s internal market, also retains access to the EU’s single market for goods. Crucially, this avoids a hard border on the island of Ireland, protects the all-island economy, and provides certainty and clarity for people and businesses in Northern Ireland and across the island of Ireland.
Within the Windsor Framework, and the wider EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, there are clear procedures and mechanisms in place to address any issues that may arise. In the context specifically of the Windsor Framework, the Specialised Committee on the Implementation of the Windsor Framework is the formal EU-UK structure that oversees the implementation of the Windsor Framework. The Specialised Committee, chaired by the EU and UK, meets regularly to monitor progress and to discuss any matters that arise, including with regard to non-compliance or enforcement matters. Ireland is represented at official level in this Specialised Committee.
The Specialised Committee met most recently on 2 October 2025 during which the EU and the UK provided updates on a number of issues. During this meeting, Ireland intervened to express its continued support for the full, timely and faithful implementation of the Windsor Framework. Ireland also welcomed the newfound positive spirit of partnership that now characterises the relationship between the EU and UK, noting the positive implications this will have for people across the island of Ireland. I have been encouraged and very much welcome recent statements by the UK government acknowledging the importance of the continued implementation of the Windsor Framework, including within the context of the wider EU-UK reset.
I am acutely conscious, however, that for some individuals and businesses issues remain in terms of Windsor Framework implementation. In this context, my officials and I remain in regular contact with stakeholders across Northern Ireland, Great Britain and with our partners in the EU. Most recently, I had the opportunity to discuss EU-UK relations with Commissioner Šefcovic during his visit to Ireland in early October. I also recently chaired a meeting of the Brexit Stakeholders’ Forum, which provided a welcome opportunity to reflect on recent events within the wider EU-UK relationship, but also on the Windsor Framework. My officials also engage regularly with their counterparts across Government regarding the implementation of the Windsor Framework.
As we look to the future of the EU-UK relationship, I am hopeful that we will see continued progress by the UK on the implementation of the Windsor Framework.
7. Deputy Cian O'Callaghan asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the steps he will take to advocate for the immediate release of Palestinian customs income currently being withheld from the Palestinian Authority by Israel; the action he has taken to support the Palestinian banking system; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [52951/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThere is strong consensus at EU and international level that Israel must release revenues withheld from the Palestinian Authority.
The estimated USD$2 billion deficit in Palestinian Authority financing is driven largely by Israel’s action in Gaza and the West Bank and Israel’s continued withholding of Palestinian Authority tax receipts, which are now estimated to be close to USD$3 billion. Israel has not transferred any of the tax revenue to the Palestinian Authority since April 2025.
In June 2024, the European Council stressed that actions weakening the Palestinian Authority must stop and called on Israel to release withheld clearance revenues and to take the necessary measures to ensure that correspondent banking services between Israeli and Palestinian banks remain in place.
In its statement at the EU-Israel Association Council in February, the EU also stressed the importance of the full implementation and updating of the Paris Protocol, including regarding full, timely, predictable and transparent transfer of tax and customs revenues.
In my meeting with Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa in the margins of the Munich Security Conference in February, we discussed the urgency of this issue.
Ireland has joined the Emergency Coalition for the Financial Sustainability of the Palestinian Authority, a coalition established in response to the urgent and unprecedented financial crisis confronting the Palestinian Authority. Its immediate purpose is to stabilise the Palestinian Authority’s finances and preserve its ability to govern, provide essential services, and maintain security, all of which are indispensable to regional stability and to preserving the two-State solution. Along with the Foreign Ministers of the Coalition, I called for Israel to immediately release all Palestinian clearance revenues and cease any measures that obstruct or weaken the Palestinian Authority or risk its collapse.
Ireland welcomed the EU’s payments to the Palestinian Authority of €172 million in 2025 and continues to call for additional emergency funding for the Palestinian Authority at least equal to the EU’s vital €400 million in additional support in 2024.
Ireland has also provided over €95 million in support of the people of Palestine since January 2023. This includes €58 million to UNRWA of which €20 million was provided in February 2025. Over €83 million of Ireland’s support has been provided since October 2023. Over €29 million has been provided as far in 2025 for the people of Palestine.
Ireland is actively working with the EU and other partners in the region and beyond to create an enabling environment for a revitalised Palestinian Authority. I was pleased to attend the first ever EU-Palestine High Level Dialogue in Luxembourg in April, which provided an opportunity for the EU to engage directly with Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa. At the meeting, I welcomed the programme of reform being undertaken by the Palestinian Authority and commended progress made to date in what is an extremely challenging environment.
The Middle East was a central focus of my agenda at UN High Level Week in New York in September. In my remarks at the Global Alliance for the Peaceful Settlement of the Question of Palestine and the Implementation of Two-State Solution, I underlined Ireland’s support to the Palestinian Authority and our intention to sign a Memorandum of Cooperation with Palestine.
8. Deputy Naoise Ó Cearúil asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade his plans to review the passport renewal process for minors where one parent is deceased, with particular reference to the current requirement for an affidavit of sole guardianship; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53035/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraWhere a child's guardian is deceased, the Passport Service requests the original death certificate of the deceased guardian, consent of the surviving guardian and a Sole Guardian Affidavit from the surviving guardian confirming that they are the only guardian of the child, in order to satisfy guardian consent requirements.
While the Passport Service of course recognises the difficulties this may present for bereaved families, in order to protect the integrity of the Irish passport and the rights of the child and their guardian(s), it is important that the Passport Service is satisfied that all relevant guardians have given their consent to the issuance of each passport to a child. This is set out under Section 14(1) of the Passports Act 2008, as amended.
I would encourage people who have specific queries around such matters to contact the Passport Service for guidance and support. Applicants with any queries can contact the Customer Service Hub for assistance at +353 1 671 1633, or via the webchat service: www.ireland.ie/contactpassportservice/
Agents are available from Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
9. Deputy Paul Murphy asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade if the Government has plans to join the Hague Group. [53225/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraBoth I and my officials interact with a wide variety of international partners on the Middle East which remains a major priority for this Government.
Ireland’s engagement is guided by our longstanding and principled position, notably respect for international law, respect for the equal right to self-determination, peace, security and dignity for Israelis and Palestinians alike, and unwavering support for the two-State solution.
While Ireland is not a member of the group referred to by the Deputy, this Government is committed to working with partners around the world in service of these objectives. Ireland attended an Emergency Conference on Palestine convened by the Hague Group in Bogotá on 15-16 July in an observer capacity at official level.
Ireland is using its voice at the UN, at the EU and at other international bodies to pursue a sustainable, long-lasting peace for Israel and Palestine. The cycle of violence must be broken, and a political horizon must be in clear sight.
Ireland maintains our unwavering commitment to the vision of the two-State solution, where two democratic States, Israel and Palestine, live side-by-side in peace within secure and recognised borders, consistent with international law and relevant UN resolutions.
10. Deputy Richard Boyd Barrett asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the plans to increase funding for Irish Aid in order to compensate for the collapse of USAID-funded schemes abroad. [53250/25]
Amharc ar fhreagra12. Deputy Barry Ward asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the position regarding Government support for Irish Aid; if this is under review in the international context of the United States of America cutting USAID; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53347/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraI propose to take Questions Nos. 10 and 12 together.
The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade continues to follow closely the consequences of the closure of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and reductions in the amounts of Official Development Assistance (ODA) announced by some other donor countries. We are also monitoring developments in the US on the future allocation of official aid.
We are in regular contact with our partners, including with Governments in developing countries, UN and other multilateral agencies, Irish development NGOs and international NGOs on the impact of these cuts.
The Government remains firmly committed to our international development programme and to the overriding priority, to reach the furthest behind first. The Government has reaffirmed Ireland’s commitment to annual increases in our ODA, working towards achieving the target of 0.7% of Gross National Income. However, we continue to emphasise that it is not viable for Ireland, or indeed the EU, to make up the funding shortfall as a result of the US cuts and reductions by other donors.
We remain firmly committed to providing support that is both predictable and flexible. This helps our partners to adapt as well as possible to rapidly changing contexts.
11. Deputy Richard Boyd Barrett asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade to intervene in the case of a sibling of an Irish citizen (details supplied) who is detained in Venezuela; and whether his Department will offer consular assistance in this case. [53320/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraI can confirm that officials in my Department and the relevant Irish Embassy are aware of this case and are providing consular assistance.
As with all consular cases, a dedicated consular officer has been assigned to the family and they remain in contact. The consular officer has provided support and advice to the family in accordance with the Department’s Consular Assistance Charter.
I can further confirm that officials in the Embassy of Ireland, Colombia, are in regular engagement with the relevant authorities, as well as European Union colleagues, as part of efforts to assist the citizen.
I wish to assure the Deputy that officials in my Department, including in the Embassy of Ireland, Colombia, will continue to provide all appropriate consular assistance to the citizen.
13. Deputy Richard Boyd Barrett asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade further to Parliamentary Question No. 207 of 30 September 2025, whether the Government has any issue recognising the state of Lebanon, considering the participation of a proscribed organisation in its Government, or whether the policy determining that Ireland will not permit foreign governments to facilitate the participation of proscribed organisations in their governments it recognises applies exclusively to a prospective Palestinian state. [53349/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraIreland established diplomatic relations with Lebanon in December 1974. Insofar as my officials can establish, the current government of Lebanon has no members who are also members of a proscribed terrorist organisation. There are ministers nominated by the political wing of Hezbollah, as there have been in a number of Lebanese governments.
In July 2013, the EU's Council of Ministers designated the military wing of Hezbollah under the EU sanctions regime to combat terrorism. The political wing of Hezbollah was not designated. The European Union (EU) position has not changed since then, although some Member States have taken a different view at national level.
The Government’s position with regard to the governance of Palestine, including future governance of Gaza, has been clearly set out in a number of recent PQ responses to questions tabled by the Deputy.
A key pillar of Ireland’s foreign policy is our strong commitment to international law and our promotion of respect for international law. Ireland has consistently condemned terrorist acts, regardless of who commits them.
14. Deputy Michael Cahill asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the measures that have been taken to date to bring an end to the genocide in Gaza; the other measures the Government will take to cease the murder and starvation of innocent men, women and children; to examine the case for actions outlined in correspondence (details supplied); and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53382/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe war has gone on for far too long and with an unconscionable human cost. When we look to Gaza, we continue to witness unspeakable scenes.
The UN Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory has concluded that Israel has committed genocide in Gaza. Ireland takes the findings extremely seriously.
Ireland’s consistent position since the beginning of the conflict has been to call for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages held by Hamas, and the immediate and unimpeded humanitarian access at scale into Gaza. We welcome ongoing efforts in this regard including by the United States.
At the EU-level, Ireland has been to the forefront of Member States pressing for an appropriate response to Israel’s actions in Gaza and in the West Bank.
In September, Ireland welcomed the proposals put forward by the European Commission to suspend the core trade-related provisions of the EU-Israel Association Agreement. The package also proposes sanctions on extremist Israeli ministers and violent settlers, as well as on Hamas. Ireland is working to urge fellow Member States to support these proposals and I have requested that the European Council is convened as a matter of urgency.
As a commitment to the two-State solution and to the upholding of international law, this Government is now advancing work on the commitment in the Programme for Government in relation to the banning of goods from illegal Israeli settlements under the Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (Prohibition of Importation of Goods) Bill. This is also an area where Ireland has been at the forefront in taking action. Detailed work to analyse the report and its recommendations is well underway with a view to getting the best and most robust piece of legislation. The next steps in the process, including the timeline for the progress of the Bill, will be considered by Government shortly.
While our preference is for robust EU-level action, Ireland stands ready to take further national measures in response to the situation in Gaza and are reviewing options in this regard.
Ireland has, both bilaterally and at multilateral level, repeatedly called on Israel to comply with international law, stressing the universal applicability of international law, including international humanitarian law. Ireland has filed a Declaration of Intervention at the International Court of Justice in South Africa’s case against Israel under the Genocide Convention on 6 January. On 28 February of this year, Ireland also filed a detailed written submission within the ICJ in advisory proceedings concerning the obligations of Israel in relation to the UN and other international organisations, as well as states, in the occupied Palestinian territory.
15. Deputy Richard Boyd Barrett asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade further to Parliamentary Question No. 207 of 30 September 2025, wherein he considers that an organisation proscribed for terrorism cannot play any role in a prospective Palestinian state, whether he also considers that the Likud party, National Unity party, Shas party, Otzma Yehudit party, National Union–Tkuma party, or New Hope party can play any role in the future of the Israeli state, given that each has participated in what he considers to be a genocide. [53440/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraA key pillar of Ireland’s foreign policy is our strong commitment to international law and our promotion of respect for international law. This commitment has guided our approach to the current conflict. The Government has been vocal in its support for sanctions against violent Israeli settlers and extremist Israeli ministers, as well as against Hamas and other Palestinian militant groups. Ireland has consistently condemned terrorist acts, regardless of who commits them. Ireland has strongly supported the sanctions adopted by the EU against both individuals and entities involved in settler violence. Ireland welcomes further proposals from the European Commission in September 2025 to sanction extremist Israeli ministers and violent settlers.
While it is my strong belief that measures adopted collectively at EU level will be most effective, the Government is currently working on measures to prevent individual members of the Government of Israel from entering our country, as announced in the Taoiseach's speech at the UN last week.
In 2023, Ireland made written submissions to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) regarding Israel’s occupation of Palestine which was then followed by oral submissions in The Hague in 2024. The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion, published in July 2024, confirms the Government’s analysis that Israel’s occupation is unlawful. On 6 January 2025, Ireland also filed a Declaration of Intervention in the case initiated by South Africa against Israel under the Genocide Convention at the International Court of Justice.
16. Deputy Richard Boyd Barrett asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade further to Parliamentary Question No. 207 of 30 September 2025, wherein he considers that an organisation proscribed for terrorism must decommission its arms in a new Palestinian state as it is guilty of war crimes and terror, whether the same applies to the Israel Defense Force, which in the opinion of the Government is guilty of war crimes and genocide. [53441/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraAs I stated in my reply to the Deputy on 30 September 2025, Hamas is a terrorist organisation which offers the people of Gaza no future. Hamas is listed by the European Union as a terrorist organisation, unanimously agreed by all Member States. Ireland has repeatedly condemned Hamas and its terrorist attack on Israel on 7 October 2023, and has consistently called for the unconditional release of all hostages.
The New York Declaration, the outcome document of the International Conference on the Implementation of the Two-State Solution held in New York in July, states clearly that “in the context of ending the war in Gaza, Hamas must end its rule in Gaza and hand over its weapons to the Palestinian Authority, with international engagement and support, in line with the objective of a sovereign and independent Palestinian State.” The Declaration also states that “Gaza is an integral part of a Palestinian State and must be unified with the West Bank. There must be no occupation, siege, territorial reduction, or forced displacement.” The New York Declaration was endorsed by 142 UN Member states in a vote at the UN General Assembly on 12 September, including Ireland which was a Co-Chair of one of the International Conference Working Groups.
Ireland has, both bilaterally and at multilateral level, repeatedly called on Israel to comply with international law, stressing the universal applicability of international law, including international humanitarian law. Ireland has filed a Declaration of Intervention at the International Court of Justice in South Africa’s case against Israel under the Genocide Convention on 6 January. On 28 February of this year, Ireland also filed a detailed written submission within the ICJ in advisory proceedings concerning the obligations of Israel in relation to the UN and other international organisations, as well as states, in the occupied Palestinian territory.
Ireland has consistently condemned the ongoing Israeli military operations in Gaza, and has repeatedly called on Israel to completely and immediately lift its blockade and allow the full resumption of humanitarian aid into and throughout Gaza.
17. Deputy Emer Currie asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade for an update on any recent engagement his Department has had with the EU regarding Palestine; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53592/25]
Amharc ar fhreagra18. Deputy Emer Currie asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade for an update on his engagements with EU counterparts with regard to the re-examination of the EU-Israel Association Agreement; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53593/25]
Amharc ar fhreagra25. Deputy Brendan Smith asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the current position regarding the review of the EU-Israel Association Agreement; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53946/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraI propose to take Questions Nos. 17, 18 and 25 together.
Ireland welcomes recent proposals from the European Commission to suspend the core trade-related provisions of the EU-Israel Association Agreement. The EU-Israel Association Agreement provides that the relations between the parties will be based on respect for human rights and democratic principles, which constitute an 'essential element' of that Agreement. The suspension proposals are an extremely significant step forward. Ireland is supportive of all proposals put forward by the Commission and is working with like-minded Member States to ensure that the proposals are urgently considered by the Council, with a view to swift adoption.
Ireland has consistently called for the EU to take concrete action in response to egregious Israeli breaches of human rights and democratic principles. As the Deputy will be aware, on 14 February 2024, the then Taoiseach and Prime Minister Sanchez of Spain were the first to write to the President of the European Commission requesting an urgent review of whether Israel is complying with its human rights obligations under the EU-Israel Association Agreement. Furthermore, the letter requested that the Commission propose appropriate measures for the consideration of the Council, should it find that Israel is in breach of its obligations.
At the EU level, I consistently underline that each of the EU’s bilateral relationships must be grounded in respect for international law and our fundamental principles. I was clear with my EU counterparts at the June Foreign Affairs Council that there must now be concrete options for follow-up action to this review. At the Gymnich informal meeting of EU foreign ministers on 29-30 August, I called for immediate action in response to Israel’s breaches of its obligations under international law. The Government has always been of the view that the EU-Israel Association Agreement must be interpreted and applied in accordance with the obligations of the EU and its Member States under international law. These obligations have been clarified by the International Court of Justice in its Advisory Opinion on the Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory of 19 July 2024.
In parallel, Ireland continues to press for action at the EU level in light of the ICJ Advisory Opinion. This was a key focus of our engagement with EU partners in advance of the June Foreign Affairs Council and I joined nine other EU Foreign Ministers in writing a letter to the High Representative calling for the EU to undertake a detailed review of its compliance with the Advisory Opinion of the ICJ. I have been calling for this work for some time, and will continue to press for action. It is essential that the EU abide by its commitments under international law.
I have always been clear that Ireland’s position on the EU-Israel Association Agreement is just one element of our efforts to shape EU policy. The European Union can, and should, continue to do more to use the levers at its disposal to exert pressure on Israel. This will remain a priority for my continuing engagement at EU level.
19. Deputy Darren O'Rourke asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade the position regarding any product or services acquired or purchased by his Department from Australia in the past three years. [53614/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe Department does not have any record of any direct purchases of products or services in Ireland from Australia over the past three years.
The acquisition of goods and services by my Department complies with all relevant legislation, including EU Directives, and with Office of Government Procurement (OGP) guidelines.
The Department publishes tenders on both the government procurement platform (e-Tenders website) and also on the Official Journal of the European Union (OJEC) site. In addition, the Department publishes details of procurement related payments for both frameworks and contracts over €20,000, on a quarterly basis at: www.gov.ie/en/department-of-foreign-affairs/organisation-information/payments-over-20000/
Procurement procedures are kept under constant review to ensure that they are line with best practice, guidance and the legal framework.
20. Deputy Paul Murphy asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade in view of the systematic violence being employed by the Myanmar military, including airstrikes on civilian areas with a view to clearing territory ahead of planned elections, if Ireland will state unequivocally that it will not recognise any election conducted by the Myanmar military while it is engaged in aerial attacks and forced displacement of civilian populations; and if Ireland will press this stance at the European Union and UN General Assembly. [53620/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraIreland has consistently condemned the junta and has called for a return to a democratic path. I am appalled by the escalation in violence, the displacement of large numbers of people and the dire humanitarian and human rights situation in Myanmar.
Since October 2023, the conflict between the Myanmar Armed Forces and a number of armed groups has escalated. Significant areas of Myanmar are now under the control of non-state armed groups, and there have been increasingly brutal attacks by the military, and by other armed groups, with civilians bearing the brunt of the violence. Conflict dynamics and natural disasters have compounded the existing humanitarian crisis, with an estimated 3.6 million persons displaced internally, while 16.7 million face acute food insecurity.
We note that the military junta has announced the holding of elections at the end of December 2025. While an orderly return to real democracy in Myanmar is highly desirable, Ireland and our EU partners have serious concerns about the holding of elections in the current context.
Territorial control continues to shift between different groups due to the ongoing conflict, with millions of people displaced from their homes. Although a national state of emergency has been lifted by the junta, local states of emergency remain in place in numerous townships. A number of opposition parties have been dissolved or banned from participating in the election. Civil society, media, and opposition voices operate under intense surveillance and censorship, with severe restrictions on speech, assembly, and campaigning. In early August, the junta introduced new measures imposing harsh penalties including life sentences and even capital punishment, for activities portrayed as ‘disturbance to the elections’. It is clear that this is not a conducive environment for a free and fair election.
The EU has urged the establishment of an inclusive dialogue, which is key to the crisis resolution process. The EU calls on all groups opposing the coup to work together towards a common platform with the aim of restoring a peaceful and democratic path and ensuring the rights and freedoms of all people of Myanmar. As the EU High Representative stated earlier this year, any elections held without a prior inclusive dialogue between all parties, and lacking popular support and broad participation, are likely to exacerbate violence and instability in Myanmar.
My Department remains engaged on this issue, and will continue to engage both with EU partners and at the UN to urge a return to democracy, stability, and respect for human rights.
21. Deputy Donnchadh Ó Laoghaire asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade for an update on the current welfare and position of the Irish nationals detained by Israel following their being detained after participation in the Global Sumud Flotilla. [53801/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraI can confirm that the Irish citizens detained in Israel following their participation on the Global Sumud Flotilla have been released and are currently on their way home.
This welcome outcome was secured after a weekend of intensive efforts by officials from across my Department, including the Embassy team in Tel Aviv, working in conjunction with international partners.
I know that this has been a difficult time for both the Irish citizens and their families, and I pay tribute to their resilience throughout. Dublin-based officials of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade remain in close contact with family members who have requested our support, and will continue to update them.
I am aware of a number of Irish citizens participating in other Flotillas en route to Gaza and have instructed my Department to closely monitor that evolving situation. While my Department continues to advise against travel to the Gaza Strip, in this case our clear priority is to ensure the welfare of our citizens.
Over the past number of weeks, I have repeatedly stated that I understand that the peaceful efforts of those on board reflect an understandable desire by many people around the world to urgently address the humanitarian needs of the people of Gaza. Ireland will continue to call for all efforts to reach an immediate ceasefire, the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages held by Hamas, and unhindered humanitarian access to the people of Gaza at scale.
22. Deputy Donnchadh Ó Laoghaire asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade his views on the current blockages of aid to locations in Darfur, Sudan, for example, El Fasher; and the position of the Irish Government regarding aid being prevented from accessing locations. [53803/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe Government remains deeply concerned by the humanitarian crisis in Sudan. Two years of conflict have resulted in the world’s worst humanitarian crisis with nearly 12 million people forcibly displaced. Over 20 million people in Sudan face crisis levels of hunger, including famine in many parts of the country, in what is a preventable crisis. Since the outbreak of the war, Ireland has consistently emphasised the need to protect civilians and maintain humanitarian access.
Both parties to the conflict are responsible for obstructing aid, causing untold suffering for the civilian population. Humanitarian organisations have been hindered from reaching the people who need assistance the most, including in areas with famine. Attacks on aid convoys continue and humanitarian workers continue to be killed. As Minister of State for International Development and Diaspora, I signed a joint statement by 30 donor countries condemning an attack on a convoy in El Fasher in June, as well as the ongoing attacks against civilians and humanitarian workers across Sudan.
In Darfur, humanitarian agencies report better access in recent months with humanitarian food convoys managing to access many areas from Adré in Chad. The World Food Programme is currently supporting over 4 million people a month including in Darfur. However the ongoing siege of El Fasher and the lack of humanitarian access has extremely grave implications for civilians. Ireland supports the call of the UN Secretary General for an immediate cessation of hostilities, facilitation of safe, unhindered and sustained humanitarian access, as well as protection of civilians in El Fasher.
We continue to engage actively on the crisis through all diplomatic channels available. Ireland has consistently raised the need for increased humanitarian funding, cessation of hostilities and a return to negotiations, at meetings of the EU Foreign Affairs Council and the UN Human Rights Council. Ireland supports the work of the Independent International Fact Finding Mission for Sudan and welcomes its most recent report. At the UN, the Government has continued to engage widely on how to halt the atrocities in Sudan and ensure that parties commit to a path of negotiated peace.
We recently announced a further package of €3 million in humanitarian assistance, bringing our commitment in 2025 to €14.3 million to support communities in Sudan and those displaced in neighbouring countries.
23. Deputy Donnchadh Ó Laoghaire asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade whether he is aware of breaches of the arms embargo to Sudan; if he has communicated with any governments suspected of breaking the arms embargo; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53804/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraI remain deeply concerned by the devastating situation in Sudan. More than two years of conflict have resulted in the world’s worst humanitarian crisis, with more than 150,000 people already dead and some 12 million people forcibly displaced.
We are gravely concerned by reports that arms continue to reach parties to the conflict in Sudan despite existing UN and EU embargoes and sanctions. Along with our EU and other like-minded partners, we have called on all external actors that are directly or indirectly supplying arms and funds to the belligerents to cease their support immediately.
Specific allegations of embargo and sanction violations are pursued through the appropriate multilateral fora, including the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, and the relevant UN Sanctions Committees. Through these channels, Ireland continues to call on all parties to comply fully with their obligations and to refrain from any action that could fuel further violence.
Ireland initiated discussions on EU sanctions in 2023, which led to the establishment and implementation of EU sanctions targeting both parties to the conflict and their backers. Ireland also proposed EU Council Conclusions on Sudan in October 2024, which condemned indiscriminate and direct targeting of civilians, called on parties to abide by their obligations under international law, and called for an immediate ceasefire and sustainable resolution of the conflict through dialogue.
In 2025, Ireland has committed €14.3 million to UN Agencies, Irish and International NGO partners for the Sudan crisis. €10.3 million is committed to support humanitarian work in Sudan and €4 million to support the humanitarian response for displaced populations in neighbouring countries.
The conflict in Sudan is a human catastrophe that risks wider stability in the region. Ireland will continue to work to keep Sudan on the international agenda and stands ready to lend its support to mediation and other efforts aimed at ending the conflict and urgent progress on the needed democratic transition.
24. Deputy Barry Heneghan asked the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade if he met with his Japanese counterpart during the recent UN General Assembly week; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53846/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraJapan is a like-minded partner for Ireland on the global stage, a country which shares our commitment to the international rules-based order and a multilateral trading system. Japan is also Ireland’s second-largest trading partner in the Asia-Pacific, with annual two-way trade in goods and services of over €21 billion. Our economic and knowledge partnerships provide significant opportunities for both countries.
In 2022 Ireland and Japan signed a Joint Statement, which established an agenda to take existing relations to a new, higher level over the next decade. This year has seen the realisation by my Department of two major projects in Japan: the completion of Ireland House Tokyo, a new location for the Embassy and State Agencies to work together in promoting Irish interests; and Ireland’s participation in Expo 2025 in Osaka. These investments will serve as a platform for Ireland to showcase and further strengthen the relationship with Japan in the years ahead.
There is regular and sustained engagement between Ireland and Japan. During 2025, as part of a whole-of-government approach to capitalise on our investment in the relationship, seven Irish Ministers visited Japan and met their counterparts, broadening our relationship into new areas. The Taoiseach visited Japan in July, and met with the Japanese Prime Minister.
The UN General Assembly is an excellent opportunity to meet colleagues, especially those we do not see elsewhere. On this occasion I did not meet with Foreign Minister Iwaya there, but we met in February 2025 at the G20 Foreign Ministers’ meeting in Johannesburg, South Africa, where we had a very productive discussion.
26. Deputy Emer Currie asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment the efforts being made to reduce carbon emissions within the public sector workforce; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53926/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe public sector can and must play an important leadership role in the broader economy and nation-wide transition required to achieve our climate targets, be that in decarbonisation of building stock, transport fleet, waste or greener working practices.
In order to ensure that the public sector is an exemplar in climate action, the Public Sector Climate Action Mandate applies to all public bodies covered by the Climate Action Plan (CAP) decarbonisation targets, with the exception of local authorities, commercial semi State bodies, and schools.
The Mandate sets out climate action objectives that are required to be addressed by the public sector, covering public sector targets; people and the workforce; ways of working; and buildings and vehicles. Through this comprehensive set of requirements, climate action and best practice is embedded across the public service.
In terms of the workforce, the Mandate requires that Green teams are established in each organisation. Reporting to senior management, these teams drive forward green and sustainable practices across the organisation. Climate and Sustainability Champions are also in place at senior management level, tasked with advocating for climate action at the highest levels of the organisation.
Climate Action and Sustainability training is also a requirement across the workforce and is to be integrated into Learning and Development strategies.
The Mandate also contains a set of requirements based around making the business-as-usual ways of working of the public sector as climate friendly as possible. These cover areas such as green public procurement, dealing with food waste, use of ICT equipment and paper, water usage, as well as cessation of single-use items.
Among Government Departments, there is also a Climate Action Unit Network of officials. This network focuses on building capacity, facilitating learning and best practice, and exploring organisational or operational issues in delivery of climate action.
Through the above measures, the Government and public sector are fully committed to ensuring the public sector and workforce are doing all they can to deliver on our ambitious climate targets.
27. Deputy Mattie McGrath asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment whether he will commit to reviewing the Government’s recycling contract (details supplied) that launched in 2024, as there is no accommodation for wheelchair users to access this public service; the reason disability access was not deemed essential as part of this contract; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53044/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraProvisions relating to review of the operation and scope of the Deposit Return Scheme (DRS) are set down in the Separate Collection (Deposit Return Scheme) Regulations (S.I. No. 33 of 2024) and within the approval issued to Re-turn as scheme operator. Specifically, Regulation 7 provides for a review of Re-turn's Approval by the end of the second quarter of the third year after the grant of approval and by the end of the second quarter of each third year following. The approval was granted in July 2022 which means the first review was undertaken this year and is currently being considered. Regulation 14 sets down retailers' obligations under the scheme including requirements around access to return facilities.
Following the scheme's launch last year, Re-turn received feedback from some consumers living with a disability about the challenges they have experienced accessing the scheme. In response, Re-turn launched a consultation process to review the accessibility of the deposit return scheme for people with disabilities and mobility issues. The report of that consultation shares the findings from surveys, focus groups, in-store sessions, and one-to-one interviews, highlighting both the progress made and the barriers that remain. It can be found on Re-turn's website at the following link: re-turn.ie/wp-content/uploads/Accessibility-Consultation.pdf
Re-turn has committed to develop solutions that are co-designed with people with disabilities, and other stakeholders, and to explore practical and effective ways to improve the accessibility of the information provided about the DRS, access to the scheme and the usability of the reverse vending machines. Future projects will address other aspects of the consultation outcomes to further improve accessibility of the scheme. Officials of the Department are represented on the accessibility advisory group established by Re-turn and monitor closely the progress being made.
28. Deputy Ken O'Flynn asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment given that Ireland has among the highest price levels in the EU and remains heavily dependent on imported energy, if he will provide the latest roadmap for increasing domestic renewable generation capacity; the expected impact of the European Commission's proposed energy affordability package on Irish household bills; and the specific supports to be made available to vulnerable consumers during winter 2025-26. [53121/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraEnergy prices in Ireland are higher than we would wish. This is driven by various factors, including reliance on gas-fired plants to generate electricity, dispersed population leading to higher network charges, small market size and lack of scale in generation and temporary pass-through effects from wholesale to retail markets.
The Programme for Government states our ambition to achieve energy independence by harnessing our untapped renewable energy resources and provides a roadmap for increasing renewable generation capacity. The ambition of this Government is to rapidly expand our renewable energy capacity which includes scaling up wind, solar, and grid infrastructure, supported by streamlined planning and regulatory processes.
The European Commission suite of legislative proposals to reform the electricity market design (EMD) was adopted in June 2024. It will help stabilise long term markets, speed up the deployment of renewable, fossil-free energy sources, offer more affordable electricity to EU citizens through new market activities, ensure protection of vulnerable consumers, and enhance industrial competitiveness.
High energy prices create pressure on households and harm Ireland’s economic competitiveness. Earlier this year, I established the National Energy Affordability Taskforce to examine cost drivers across our energy system. I am pleased to see some of its initial recommendations adopted under the budget.
Firstly, the budget will see a long-term reduction in the VAT rate applicable to gas and electricity bill, reducing this from 13.5% down to 9%. This measure will remain in place until 31 December 2030, at an annual cost of €254 million. This has effectively created a tax reduction of more than €1.25 billion and is worth an average of €100 per year to a household using gas and electricity.
Secondly, retrofitting remains one of the most impactful measures a household can take to reduce energy bills. Budget 2026 provides the largest ever budget for retrofitting with an allocation of €558 million. This will support up to 65,000 home upgrades. This includes the Warmer Homes Scheme which last year provided fully-funded deep retrofits to almost 8,000 homes.
With an €89 million increase on last year, this means that more funding than ever will be available to make people’s homes warmer, healthier, more comfortable and less expensive to heat.
These retrofits will make a significant difference to households, and are supported by ringfenced funding from the carbon tax. Recent figures suggest that a household can save up to €1,100 in energy costs by undertaking deep retrofitting such as attic, floor and wall insulation and high efficiency glazing.
Furthermore, under Budget 26 Government has enhanced targeted energy affordability measures through our Social Protection System. This budget will see the weekly rate of Fuel Allowance increase by €5 to €38 per week. This payment currently supports 410,000 households and under Budget 2026 it will be expanded to all households in receipt of the Working Family Payment such that 460,000 families will benefit from this support.
29. Deputy Michael Cahill asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment to expedite an SEAI warmer homes scheme application in respect of a person (details supplied) in County Kerry; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53166/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe Warmer Homes Scheme aims to improve the energy efficiency and warmth of homes owned by people at risk of energy poverty by providing fully-funded retrofits. The scheme is operated by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) on behalf of my Department and is funded through carbon tax receipts and the European Regional Development Fund.
Last year saw a record spend of almost €230 million under the scheme. As reported by the SEAI, this resulted in 7,743 upgrades being provided to low-income households. This year’s budget includes an allocation of €280 million for the Warmer Homes Scheme. This represents an 11-fold increase on the 2020 expenditure figure.
Delivering free energy upgrades to low-income households and reducing the waiting times for the Warmer Homes Scheme is a top priority for my Department and the SEAI. My officials continue to work with the SEAI to maximise and accelerate the output of free energy upgrades provided under this important scheme.
Individual applications to the Warmer Homes Scheme are an operational matter for the SEAI and, as Minister, I have no function in relation to applications. Applications are assessed on the basis of when they first apply to the SEAI. Homes with the worst Building Energy Ratings (E, F or G) are then prioritised for works. I am advised that no other prioritisation takes place under the scheme.
Applicants can contact the SEAI at any time to get further information on the status of their application either by email to warmerhomes@seai.ie or by phone to 1800 250 204. Oireachtas members can make queries on behalf of applicants by contacting the dedicated email address: oireachtas@seai.ie
30. Deputy Paul Murphy asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment the timeframe for Ireland's withdrawal from the ECT; the nature of Ireland's current membership of the treaty, given the Government's decision not to waive provisional application of the modernised treaty; and his views on Ireland's exposure to investor claims under the modernised treaty. [53173/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraIreland has begun the process of formal withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) in a coordinated manner alongside other EU Member States, following negotiations as part of a bloc, led by the EU Commission.
Each Member State has different rules regarding treaties, both the joining and exiting of them. In Ireland’s case, a decision to withdraw from an international treaty, such as the Energy Charter Treaty, is a matter of executive power under Article 29 of the Irish Constitution and will require a Government Decision. A Memorandum will be brought to Government by my colleague, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, given his formal role in international treaties, and this decision will formally end Ireland’s membership. The Government is committed to exiting the ECT as soon as is practicable, and this Memo is expected to be brought to Government in the approaching period.
Ireland is still a member of the Treaty and will remain so until we officially leave. The modernised treaty provides for less exposure to investor claims than the original treaty, and the modernised Treaty is available to view on the ECT website. However, the Government's position remains that Ireland will exit the Treaty.
31. Deputy Ryan O'Meara asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment to consider establishing targeted financial supports to accelerate biomass fuel adoption, stimulating rural economic activity and achieving decarbonisation targets; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53190/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraMy Department has developed a number of schemes and initiatives designed to increase the deployment of energy generated from renewable sources.
The Support Scheme for Renewable Heat, which is operated by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland, provides an operational support for biomass boilers and anaerobic digestion heating systems. Eligible renewable energy technologies are supported through a multi-annual payment, for a period of up to 15 years, on the basis of prescribed tariffs. The scheme is open to commercial, industrial, agricultural, district heating, public sector and other non-domestic heat users.
To further support the decarbonisation of the heat sector, Government has also agreed to the introduction of the Renewable Heat Obligation (RHO) and approved the general scheme of the proposed legislation. The RHO will obligate suppliers over a certain threshold to ensure that a proportion of the energy they supply for heating purposes is renewable. This will be across all gaseous, liquid and solid fuels used for heating under current proposals. All renewable fuels fulfilling the Renewable Energy Directive criteria will be deemed eligible under the schemes.
32. Deputy Cathal Crowe asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment the number of businesses that have received support under the business energy upgrades scheme; the value of that support, by county, in tabular form; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [53217/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe Business Energy Upgrades Scheme is funded by my Department and administered by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) as part of a suite of business supports. In 2024 alone, the SEAI Business Supports provided grants of over €40 million to over 3,000 businesses significantly supporting energy cost reduction, competitiveness, and emissions reductions.
The Business Energy Upgrades Scheme was opened for applications in November 2024, and offers businesses access to rapid approval grant funding for a range of retrofit measures for buildings such as hotels, offices, retail and restaurants. There has been strong activity on the application portal with a large volume of draft applications (over 550) as people review the potential options. Typically, some time is required by the commercial sector to prepare the necessary details before submitting the application. 167 applications have been approved with a combined total in offers of €2.99 million supporting a total of 304 measures. All 9 measures available are represented within this package of applications which is a good initial indicator of the public’s interest in the overall suite of technologies provided.
A county breakdown, with number of businesses per county, is in the table at the link below.
The Business Energy Upgrades Scheme is critical to supporting a higher rate of commercial building retrofit and is expected to double the number of commercial building retrofits and heat pumps supported from 2024 to 2025.
33. Deputy Maeve O'Connell asked the Minister for Climate, Energy and the Environment when he expects the Heat (Networks and Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill 2024 will progress to its next Stage; and for an estimated timeline for when the CRU will be appointed as regulator for all heat networks. [53254/25]
Amharc ar fhreagraThe draft Heads of the Heat (Networks and Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill 2024 were approved by Government on 30 October 2024. The legislation is intended to provide the statutory underpinning for the development and expansion of district heating networks as well as the establishment of a regulatory model for district heating that ensures consumer protection and the delivery of a vibrant district heating industry.
The Bill is currently being drafted with the support of the Office of Parliamentary Counsel (OPC). In order to progress the Bill, officials from my Department are actively engaging with the OPC drafter, the Department's own legal team and external stakeholders. We now expect drafting to be completed in early 2026. The Commission for Regulation of Utilities will be appointed as regulator for heat networks on enactment of the Bill.
