Following the severe flooding of Winter 2015/16, in 2016, the Government agreed to the establishment of a National Flood Forecasting and Warning Service (NFFWS) to enable members of the public and local authorities take more preparatory action to reduce the impact of flooding. The NFFWS is to be developed on a staged basis, with the local forecasting and warning aspect of the service to be delivered in Stage II.
Stage I (establishment phase) of the development of the NFFWS focused on national and catchment level fluvial (river) and coastal flood forecasting. A Steering Group comprising representatives from Met Éireann, the Department of Housing, Planning and Local Government (NDFEM), the CCMA, the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine and chaired by the OPW, oversaw the development of Stage I of the NFFWS.
Stage I was completed in December 2023 with the Flood Forecasting Centre (FFC) established in Met Éireann, subsequently becoming fully operational in early 2024. The FFC provides flood forecasts, flood advisory services, hydrological observations and Daily Flood Guidance Statements to local authorities and other state agencies. A dedicated Irish Flood Integration Communication System (IFICS) to communicate this information to key stakeholders was developed by Met Éireann and is in place, with training provided by Met Éireann to Local Authorities and other key stakeholders in its use. The forecasting information is tailored for these stakeholders providing valuable information regarding the likelihood of river and/or coastal flooding. This information can be utilised by these stakeholders to inform their understanding of flood risk and to make decisions pertaining to emergency response measures.
In 2025, arising from new governance arrangements at cabinet committee level for emergency management, a new Subgroup of the Government Task Force on Emergency Planning dealing with further developing the NFFWS was established. The sub-group is chaired by the Office of Emergency Planning of the Department of Defence. The Subgroup is to deliver Stage II of the NFFWS, including providing flood warning services for communities in Ireland and will focus on further developing the fluvial and coastal forecast system delivered under Stage I to provide a greater level of detail and accuracy in forecasted information. The Subgroup is developing proposals for Stage II of the NFFWS for submission to Government.
The preparations for and the response to major emergencies is a matter for the Principal Response Agencies (PRAs) – Local authorities, An Garda Síochána and the HSE. Local authorities are the ‘lead agency’ for response to flooding events within their administrative areas. The Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage through its National Directorate for Fire and Emergency Management (NDFEM) is designated as the Lead Government Department with responsibility for co-ordinating the national level response to weather emergencies, including flooding and the response to issues relating to flood emergency response matters is for the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage. The NDFEM of the Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage convened meetings of the National Emergency Co-ordination Group to co-ordinate the response actions to the event across the Government Departments and agencies involved.
Managing flood risk is a responsibility that requires measures across a range of Government Departments which is co-ordinated by the Flood Policy Co-ordination Group. Flood policy has three key pillars – Prevention, Protection, and Preparedness – which are underpinned by research and evidence:
• Prevention is aimed at avoiding or removing a flood risk and can be achieved, for example, by avoiding construction in flood-prone areas.
• Protection is aimed at reducing the likelihood and/or the severity of flood events. This typically involves physical works, such as defending at-risk areas against flooding through the delivery of major flood relief schemes.
• Preparedness includes actions and measures that can be taken to reduce the consequences of flooding. For example, by informing the public about preparing for the risk of flooding and taking appropriate actions during a flood event.
The role of the Group, as well as monitoring existing policies and measures, is to consider additional policy initiatives to: help prevent flood risk; address structural and non-structural solutions for at risk properties assessed; raise the awareness of flood risk and encourage people, businesses and communities to take action to protect themselves and their properties; and to support and assist those people and communities affected by flooding.
As the approach taken by the Group is sector led, the individual members each take responsibility for monitoring and developing further policy initiatives within their sector’s area of responsibility.
The OPW is leading an ambitious national programme to protect against risk from river and coastal flooding. Nationally, significant progress has been made. To date, the OPW has invested some €580m in 56 completed flood relief schemes, which protect 13,580 properties nationwide and provide an economic benefit in damages avoided estimated to be in the region of €2bn.
Investment through the National Development Plan, and working in partnership with the local authorities, has allowed the OPW to treble the number of flood relief schemes at design, planning, or construction to some 100 schemes. Thus, delivery of flood relief schemes is occurring at a significant scale nationally.
Since 2009, the OPW provides funding to local authorities through the Minor Flood Mitigation Works and Coastal Protection Scheme. This Scheme generally applies where a solution can be readily identified and achieved in a short time frame. The OPW has approved over €70m for some 900 projects that are mitigating flood risk to over 8,000 properties. This scheme is available to fund localised measures to all communities to manage flood risk from rivers and the sea. It is also available to introduce those interim measures that can mitigate the flood risk to those communities that are awaiting completion of a major flood relief scheme.
Flooding during and since Storm Chandra came from different sources, including the river and the sea. For those communities impacted by this flooding event and where a major flood relief scheme is planned but not yet completed, I have asked those local authorities to set out a plan of all interim measures that can help mitigate flood risk from all sources. I expect to receive these plans over the coming weeks and I will update my Government colleagues of these proposals