I can advise the Deputy that exemptions from the study of Irish have been in place since the foundation of the state when Irish became a core subject for all students.
Originally, exemptions catered for the needs for the children of diplomats and consular staff. Over time, the circumstance in which exemptions may be granted have broadened reflecting changes in our schools and society and from the 1990s have included special education needs in tandem with the integration of children with special education needs in mainstream education in line with the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC 1989).
Following a comprehensive review of policy and practice in relation to exemptions from the study of Irish conducted by the department’s Inspectorate during 2014-2016, an extensive public consultation process was conducted in late 2018/early 2019, which informed the current circulars.
The key changes in the current circulars include:
• Application of the exemption policy to English-medium schools only
• Increase in the age at which an exemption can be granted to a student from abroad from 11 years of age to 12 years of age
• Explicit provision for students in special schools and special classes
• Inclusion of an appeals process
• Aligning the exemption system to the Special Education Teaching Allocation model that allows mainstream schools to provide additional teaching support for all students who require such support in their school based on their identified learning needs in school, as opposed to being based primarily upon a diagnosis of a particular disability.
• Aligning the exemption system to the Continuum of Support process which is focused on identifying and catering for the special educational needs of individual students in proportion to the impact of those needs on their learning and socialisation.
• Setting out department policy and expectation that all students should be encouraged to participate in Irish language and cultural activities, to the greatest extent possible and in a meaningful way, at a level appropriate to the students learning needs.
• Provision for students who experience a high level of multiple and persistent needs that are a significant barrier to the student’s participation and engagement in their learning and school life following two years of documented targeted intervention set out in a student support plan.
The number of exemptions granted by schools must be seen in the broader context:
• School enrolments at post-primary level have increased from 362,899 in 2018/19 to 425,411 in 2024/25, representing an increase of 17% at post-primary level.
• In 2024/25, there were 56,555 non-Irish nationals enrolled in post-primary schools.
• Over 17,000 students from Ukraine are currently enrolled in our schools, over 10,000 at primary level and over 7,000 at post-primary.
• The number of children with more complex special educational needs is increasing and this is evidenced by the almost 1,700 new special classes that have been provided in mainstream schools over the last five years and special school enrolments are increasing by 300 each year.
• There are almost 28,000 students with special educational needs enrolled in special classes and special schools in the 2024/2025 school year. This equates to almost 3% of our overall primary and post-primary student population.
The Department of Education and Youth is committed to the Irish language as a core element of the school curriculum. Irish is a vital part of our national identity and educational heritage, and its promotion remains a key priority.
The department is supporting the teaching, learning and assessment of Irish through a range of initiatives including:
“Is féidir liom, is féidir linn…”• The Action Plan for Irish in English-Medium Schools 2025 – 2027 was published in November 2025. It is a two year plan which aims to support schools and teachers to improve the teaching, learning and use of Irish, and to provide children and young people with more engaging and rewarding learning experiences. In particular, the Action Plan will support the development of pupils’/students’ oral language skills.
• The Policy on Gaeltacht Education
• The Policy for Irish-Medium Education outside of the Gaeltacht,
• Ongoing expansion of the Content and Learning Integrated Language (CLIL) project providing sustained support for teachers to adopt the CLIL approach to teaching another subject or element of a subject through Irish
• The PE through Irish project with resources now available for Junior Infants to 2nd Class and 3rd and 4th Class resources under development.
• Funding to Foras na Gaeilge for a range of projects including the
• Gaelbhratach programme
• Seideán Sí resource for primary level
• A lexicography project
• Increased resourcing of An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltacht agus Gaelscolaíochta (COGG)